the concept of memory.

1. Explain the concept of sensory memory.
Sensory memory is where you recieve information from your senses immediately and it goes into your brain. It is information retained by just a short period of time and then it is forgotten since it has no importance.

2. Give an example of sensory memory.
When you touch the table, when you stop touching it, you forget it.

3. What is the capacity of our sensory memory?
Being visual it lasts less than one second, and auditory it lasts less than four seconds.

4. Describe the concept of short-term memory.
Short term memory is the stage after sensory memory that happens after the selective attention which determines what pieces of information move on from sensory memory to short-term memory. Short term memory is often stored as images and sound, it provides a working space for short computations and then transfers it to other parts of the memory system or discards it.

5. What is the "magic number" as it relates to short-term memory and who conducted the experiment which established this measurement?
The conducter of the experiment was George Miller in 1956 and the magic number is +/- 2 applying it to 7, making it from the range of 5-9.

6. What is chunking?
Chunking is the configuring of large amounts of information into smaller amounts of information which are used as structured to accomodate memory and learning limitations.

7. What has been determined to be the ideal size of "chunks" for both letters and numbers?
Numers - 3-4
Letters - 3

8. Which mode of encoding does short-term memory mostly rely on, acoustic or visual?
acoustic
9. Explain the duration and capacity of long-term memory.
This type of memory can last from days to decades. Memories become long term with the proccess of rehearsal and meaningful association, this means that you see it quite often and you give it importance, therefore your brain remembers it for a longer period of time.
10. Explain in detail the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model of memory.
This model states that there are 3 ways of memory stores, sensory memory, short term memory and finally long term memory. It categorizes them by the duration they last, sensory being to the maximum of 4 seconds, short term memory being about 18-20 minutes, and it stores things by chunks, and finally long term memory which lasts up to a lifetime.

11. Identify three criticisms or limitations of the Atkinson-Shiffrin Model of memory.
1. Not all of the rehearsal leads to the improvement of retention
2. STM is in terms of the number of units that can be processed an any one time, he gave 7 +/- 2, but recent researchers have developed 5 +/- 2
3. The sensory stores are sensory systems, not memory systems as most people think of the term "memory."

12.Explain the Levels of Processing Model of memory.
This model concretes in Long Term Meory and the processing that occurs there, it gives an alternative to the multi store model that suggests info is transfered by rehearsal. This model suggests that the depth or level at which we process information determines its place in LTM and also how well we recall that information, meaning the more we think about it, the longer it stays in our head.

13. What is maintenance rehearsal - give an example.
Continiously repeating the material to be remembered.
Repeating vocabulary words to learn them.

14. What is elaborative rehearsal - give an example.
This time of rehearsal involves comparing something new with something you already know that is stored in your Long term memory.
Relating someone new you meet named John and associating it with someone you  already know called John.

15. Who developed the Levels of Processing Model and the concepts of maintenance and elaborative rehearsal?
Craik and Lockhart developed in the year of 1972 the levels of processing models and the concepts of maintenance and elaborative rehearsal.